Diseño y construcción de un vehículo con motor de combustión interna mediante el análisis CAE para la competencia Shell Eco-marathon.

Abstract

With a view to the Shell Eco Marathon competition, a prototype of high energy efficiency and great mechanical performance was designed and built. For the design, the finite element method was applied, using specialized design and simulation software. This technological proposal began with the literary revision, and data collection, not only parameters and design. Variables, also there were some teams that have previously participated in this competition. Elements such as the engine, transmission and brakes were selected by means of decision matrix, in the same way the selection of materials of the frame with statistical analysis of the most elements used alloys were considered later it was submitted into a matrix decision. The base material selected for the frame was Aluminum 6063-T5 coated with bidirectional carbon fiber 3k. According the computational analysis, this material gave us excellent mechanical properties, with a safety factor slightly higher than 3. The shape of the body was also influenced by the equipment that previously participated, and the material used at the time selected from a decision matrix, being the bidirectional carbon fiber 3k the material used. Additionally, the engine was modified by an electronic injection system that represents a considerably efficiency improvement. All the additional components were carefully mounted on the frame, so it could accomplish with the regulations in the competition. As a result, a prototype with a 52 kg total weight was obtained, including a safety extinguisher and a five-point safety harness, which can reach a maximum speed of 60 km/h and it was able to overcome without any inconvenience the technical revision of the competition. Finally, it is recommended to replace the electronic center of the vehicle with the one that gives us a greater number of options and manipulations, in order to have more precise gasoline injection, also replacing the steel elements with aluminum components, in order to reduce weight.