Eficiencia del uso de microorganismos eficientes en el tratamiento de aguas residuales de las queserías artesanales de Quimiag.

Abstract

The present research evaluated the efficiency of a consortium of effcient microorganisms (Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in three different concentrations in the wastewater of the cheese production process from the Quimiag artisan cheese Factory “El Pajonal”, which aims to reduce parameters such as: Biochemical oxygen demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, total solids and suspended solids. Three treatments were applied: first at a concnetration of efficient microorganisms of 0.01 (v/v), second at a concentration of 0.02 (v/v) and the third at a concnetration of 0.04 (v/v) and a control treatment with residual wáter without inoculation, in four experimental units (plastic containers with 2L of residual water) with 3 repetitions each one. The experimentation time was 45 days and the concentration of the parameters was controlled at 10, 30 and 45 days. A multivariate statistical analysis and major components was done and was found differences, because their level of significance was less than P≤0,05, which determined that treatment two caused a greater decrease in the concnetration of BOD5 with 61%, COD in 78 %, total solids in 73 % and for solids in suspensión. It showed that there was no difference because its value was greater than P≤0,05, but it presented a removal with treatment two of 54%. All the parameters mentioned were reduced after 45 days, but still above the permisible limits according to TULSMA. Book VI Annex I, Table 11. It provided that the use of the efficient microorganisms consortium can be used without any difficulty for wastewater from cheese factories, since a good removal of contaminants was obtained, expressed in the parameters of BOD, COD, ST and SS. It is recommended that new families be investigated to conduct a new consortium of efficient microorganisms and can be useful for the removal of pollutants present in wastewater.