Optimizaciòn del proceso de compostaje realizado en el GAD Municipal del Cantòn Cascales.

Abstract

The generation of organic waste represents a problem for the environment and health. El Gobierno Autónomo Municipal Descentralizado from Cascales Canton (GADM-C). Sucumbíos-Ecuador, in order to solve this problem decided to treat its organic solid waste by composting. This investigation proposes to optimize this process, by means of the comparative study of three stockpiles: stockpile 1 armed and controlled by the technician responsible for the sanitary landfill; stockpile 2 armed and controlled by the responsible technician but under the control of the researcher and stockpile 3 armed and controlled by the researcher. The following residues were used; Stokcpile 1: 300 Kg Organic Solid Waste (RSO), 35 Kg of cattle manure and 1.36 Kg of dog blood; Stockpile 2: 300 Kg RSO, 42 Kg of beef manure and 2.03 Kg of blood; Stockpile 3: 300 Kg of RSO, 25 Kg of beef manure and 23 Kg of blood. The sampling for the analyses was carried out in all the stockpile throughout the process. The results obtained show a higher ratio, C / N in stockpile 2 (9.64: 1) and 3 (9.53: 1) with respect to stockpile 1 (8.73: 1). The parameter that best differentiated the quality of the final compost was the germination index, being higher for stockpile 3 (38%), comparing with stockpile 2 (14%) and stockpile 1 (4%). However, this parameter is low for the three compost, since these values indicate the presence in minor or greater quantity of phyto-toxic substances. Additionally, the compost presented alkaline ph. and high salinity, so it is recommended to look for an appropriate use, as it cannot be used for agricultural purposes. It can be highlighted that the quality of the compost improved with the control of basic parameters such as temperature and humidity.