Evaluación de cuatro métodos de escarificación y dos sustratos para la obtención de plántulas de capulí (Prunus serotina Ehrh) en el cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The present investigation proposes: to evaluate four methods of scarification and two substrates in order to obtain capulí seedlings (Prunus serotina Ehrh) in Quimiag parish, Riobamba canton, province of Chimborazo; by applying a complete randomized bifactorial design (8 treatments and 3 repetitions), the trial started with the collection of seed, then the scarification methods were applied: M1: cold hours accumulation at 4 ° C for 60 days, M2: cold water at 4 ° C for 5 days, M3: lemon juice at 100% for 48 hours and M4: boiled water for 5 minutes and the substrates were prepared: S1: river sand (70%) + rice husk (30%) and S2: agriculture soil (70%) + pomina (30%) ). The results obtained were the best according the M1 in all the parameters analyzed: germination percentage (46.17%), stem diameter (1.04 mm), stem height (16.82 cm), root length (17.18 cm), and root mass (36.12 gr). On the substrate S1 the best results were obtained in all the parameters: percentage of germination (40.33%), diameter of the stem (1.04 mm), height of the stem (13.11 cm), length of root (15, 48 cm), and root mass (29.13 gr). Therefore, the best treatment was the M1S1 from the agronomic point of view and with a profit margin 181%. Nevertheless, from an economic point of view, the M2S1 treatment is the most profitable, with a profit margin of 186%. It is concluded that the M1 method and the substrate S1 are the most suitable to obtain capulí seedlings, because it presented better results in all the parameters analyzed. Keywords: SCARIFICATION METHODS - ORGANIC SUBSTRATES - CAPULÍ PLANT.