Utilización de tres tipos de desengrasantes en pieles ovinas para la elaboración de calzado masculino.

Abstract

The evaluation of three different types of degreasers to ovine skins destined to the manufacture of male footwear was carried out in the Leather Tanning Laboratory from Faculty of Livestock Sciences using 3 treatments, 8 repetitions each giving a total of 24 experimental units. The experimental results were modeled under a Completely Random Design (CRD) with an additive linear model. The Kruskall - Wallis test was used to determine the significance of the sensory variables. The results indicate that when using perchlorethylene (T3), a higher resistance to tension is obtained numerically (3591.25 N / cm2), percentage of elongation (64.06%), and lastometry (9.00 mm), which exceed the requirements of the Spanish Leather Association. The highest sensory ratings are obtained by using perchlorethylene (T3), because an excellent rating for softness was achieved (4.88 points); roundness (4.75 points); meanwhile the best filling is obtained with the degreaser TRD-27, obtaining an excellent rating of (4.75 points) according to the rating scale of Hidalgo, L. (2018). The economic evaluation infers the highest profitability with perchlorethylene (T3), since the cost benefit ratio was 1.32; it means that, for each dollar invested, a profitability of 32% is expected. Therefore, it is recommended to apply perchlorethylene in the degreasing process of ovine skins because it allows the detachment of most of the fat belonging to the ovine skin; which facilitates the entry of products that transform the skin into leather

Key words: ovine skins - leather tanning – male footwear – shoes manufacture – degreaser of ovine skins