Evaluación del potencial energético de los residuos de Maíz (Zea mays), para propuesta de aprovechamiento en el cantón Guano.

Abstract

The energy potential of the corn waste of Guano Canton was assessed in order to issue a proposal for use, under the requirements of the canton, characterizing the variables that intervene in the calorific power and applying a methodological proposal according to the case study. To carry out the technical work, field and laboratory analyzes were carried out on the residues of soft corn, dry soft corn and each of its components (leaves, stems and husks). Initially, the total corn residue production was obtained in 10 parishes of the canton; 8 rural and 2 urban, finding a total of 105,680 tons between the two varieties. The density of the residues was determined, obtaining a high density in the soft corn. Subsequently moisture was found through the humidity balance and the stove at 105 ° C, three repetitions for each sample, where the soft corn residues obtained the highest percentage. The ashes were analyzed making nine replicates for each sample, with a higher percentage in the leaves. On the other hand, the calorific power was determined by three repetitions in each component of the corn thanks to a calorimetric bomb, evidencing a considerable energetic potential in the canes. With the methodology used, it was concluded that the most suitable technology of exploitation is combustion due to its simple control and high performance in grain and grass driers. The energy potential of corn residues was: 16584 J / g for cane, 16573 J / g for husks and 16432 J / g for leaves. The leaves were discarded in the exploitation due to their low calorific value and the high percentage of ash. It is recommended to carry out evaluations of the residual biomass energy potential in order to compare the efficiency and feasibility they represent.