Tratamiento de residuos líquidos generados en el laboratorio de química orgánica con métodos de oxidación avanzada.

Abstract

The teaching and research laboratories of higher education institutions in Ecuador present problems of environmental contamination due to lack of management of the chemical substances that are used there. Seeking to propose a solution, in this work, it was evaluated; the effectiveness of heterogeneous photocatalysis for the degradation of effluents present in the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of ESPOCH. To determine the concentration of the compounds present, the physical and chemical characterization of the residues was carried out. Thus determining the suitability of phenol as a control contaminant due to greater presence (250mg.L-1) which in turn was the initial concentration used. The experiment was carried out in a 600 mL reactor irradiated with UV-Visible light from a lamp of fixed wavelength. 15 different treatments were applied according to the experimental matrix obtained from the factorial design 24 and the DCA, with the following factors: Fenton concentration, with / without UV-Visible light, with / without agitation and pH variation. Based on what was obtained in the 15 experimental trials, it was obtained; 98% degradation when using 0.50g of Fenton / 400mL of phenol, with UV-Visible light on, at pH = 3, constant agitation, and 0.90mL of H2O2. Thus it is demonstrated that it is a highly effective technique in this type of treatment.