Análisis estadístico multivariante de los patrones de consumo de los hogares ecuatorianos con base a la ENIGHUR 2011-2012.

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the consumption patterns of the Ecuadorians, many studies are focused on the traditional analysis of food consumption without regard to socio-demographic aspects, that is why, through the use of the data compiled in the National Urban and Rural Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2011-2012 of the National Institute of Statistics and Censures (INEC), a database was developed which made it possible to use it as material for the application of multivariate statistical techniques: simple and multiple correspondence analysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis to determine patterns of consumption. The correspondence analysis established 3 profiles of the qualitative variables that are related to the housing aspect, the educational level of the head of household, and then, through the analysis of the main components, relate the quantitative variables (corresponding to the expenses of the household) with the qualitative variables (household profiles) to categorize households in terms of their consumptions. It concludes obtaining 3 patterns: pattern 1 households with better living conditions, pattern 2, households with low living conditions and pattern 3 involving households with characteristics between patterns 1 an 2. In addition, a discriminant model is concluded, its model explains the discriminant power of the variables constructed from the analysis of main components with the idea of assigning a home to one of the 3 established patterns. It is recommended: interest researchers do a similar study in different years to compare consumption patterns of Ecuadorian households over time.