Desarrollo de una ingeniería conceptual para el tratamiento de aguas residuales, provenientes de curtiembres de tipo artesanal e industrial de la provincia de Tungurahua.

Abstract

The following investigation´s objective was developed conceptual engineering for the treatment of wastewater, from artisanal industrial tannery located in Tungurahua province. Four treatment technologies are proposed with their respective basic flow diagrams, in which primary, secondary, biological and tertiary treatments are combined, evaluating their effectiveness in the removal of contaminants and then comparing them to select the most appropriate. Of the schemes proposed in the present research work, treatment D it is the one with the highest percentage of removal of pollutants according to the mass balances carried out for each of the technologies. This treatment consists of the use of primary and secondary treatments such as screening, separation of fats, equalization tanks, primary sedimentation, catalytic oxidation, coagulation and flocculation, and then it goes through an anaerobic biological treatment with the generation of biogas and finally arrives at in treatment by electrolysis. From the mass balance of this technology, it can be seen that DQO removals of up to 99.9% can be achieved, more than 80% in DBO and greater than 70% removal of the other parameters. The economic evaluation of the treatments presented results in which the treatment of removal of chromium (E), by osmosis inverse is the most expensive due to the high costs of its implementation and maintence, besides being a technologically complicated treatment. The treatments that us electrolysis (B and D) are tge treatments that have a lower cost in relation to the treatments that the organization uses as treatment (A and C). While anaerobic treatmens (A and C). The technology has the lowest cost corresponds to treatment D, being the mos cost-effective for its implementation.