Curtición de pieles de caviaporcellus ( cuy), con diferentes niveles de caesalpinia spinosa, en conbinación con sulfato de aluminio para paletería media.

Abstract

In the Fur Tanning Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Sciences, of the Superior Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, it was evaluated the fur tanning of Cavia porcellus (guinea pig), from the creole line with different levels of Caesalpinia spinosa, in combination with aluminum sulphate, for medium furriery. The experimental units were modeled under a completely randomized design using 3 treatments with 6 repetitions and a size of the experimental unit of 2 guinea pig fur, which gave a total of 36 experimental units. The results indicate that when performing the tanning of the guinea pigs fur, with different levels (10, 12 and 14%) of tare in combination with 4% of aluminum sulfate, it was possible to obtain a material suitable for the manufacture of medium high-grade furs. . The physical resistances, reported the highest tension results (1340.17 N / cm2), and elongation (37.50%), using 10% tare meanwhile with 14% the best lastometry (10.04 mm) is achieved, and , when compared with the quality requirements of the Spanish Association in the Leather Industry, these exceed the permissible limits to ensure their acceptance. According to the sensory evaluation scale, it can be seen that when tanning the guinea pig fur with 14%, tare: excellent weights of touch (4.33 points), fineness of hair (4.67 points) and bright hair (4.50 points) are achieved, that is to say, a very showy soft material, and especially that the hair has remained firm ideal for the manufacture of unconventional articles for medium furs. The production costs determined that the furs reached an average value of 4.70 USD and if it is projected to sell them by skin, a cost benefit ratio of 1.29 will be obtained which is the highest and was determined in the fur lot of the T3 treatment (14%) since the cost benefit value was 1.29, that is, there is a profit margin of 29% that is extremely high in relation to other similar activities. Therefore it is recommended to tan with high levels of tara (14%), to improve the physical resistances of the leather and the sensory qualifications so that it is ensured that when making the articles, no damage is produced on the surface of the fur and hair do not detach.