Diseño y construcción de una trilladora portátil de quinua con acople para propulsión mediante motor de combustión interna del motocultor YTO-15Y para la Empresa COPROBICH.

Abstract

This technological proposal aimed to build a portable quinoa thresher with coupling for propulsion by the internal combustion engine of the YTO-15Y walking tractor. It was made for the company COPROBICH, which is adapted to the needs of small producers. For the design, different threshing systems were studied, and we chose a shelling cylinder for bars since they are efficient for quinoa shelling. A suspension system was also designed to attenuate the vibrations, and it was even thought of the small suppliers. So that the thresher can enter the land with little accessibility and at the same time, be towable since they do not have their property on the edge of the road. Resistant and suitable materials were used for the construction, such as the stainless 304 mate which is the right to work with food products. So that there is no alteration of the physical or chemical properties in the grains, and the last consideration is that it is multigrain. This fact was achieved by varying the distance between the shelling cylinder and the concave using regulating arms. Besides, to be multigrain, two sieves were placed that are vibratory for the selection between the grain and the impurities. Depending on the type of grain the sieves are changed, for quinoa round sieves of 0.5-0.25 mm diameter and used. And for grains such as wheat, barley and oats use lengthened sieves 1.5 cm long and 5 mm wide. As a result, it was obtained an efficient thresher that gives us the same working capacity as a Guaranda thresher. Throws us 15 to 25 quintals a day, and it was also threshed quinoa, barley, wheat with the acceptable cleaning level. It is concluded that the design and construction of the thresher were efficient at the time of the field tests obtaining a reasonable degree of cleanliness, and that is optimal for any grain. It is recommended based on the experience acquired in the field to place a beater to help the harvest and lengthen the sieves.