Desarrollo de una prótesis de cadera biomecánica Tipo Charnley Impresa en PLA para un hombre de 50 años del cantón Guano.

Abstract

The objective of this degree work was to develop a biomechanical hip prosthesis for a 50-year-old person from Guano Canton with specific parameters such as height and body weight. It is crucial to model and build this mechanical element based on people with degenerative diseases; this helps to improve society with the help of technological innovation. The prosthesis must comply with the biomechanics of the hip concerning the principal planes of the human body. The development includes three primary stages; the first is the study and research of the PLA with their tests, then the second stage lies in the scanning of the bones of the human body with Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) software. The modelling, force analysis and subsequent printing cover the methodology of the third stage where the device dimensions are collected from the bone bank of the School of Medicine ESPOCH, then, using the ANSYS software, static loads are applied according to the particular and critical cases. Simulated dynamic loads are also used in the MSC ADAMS software according to the most critical gait phase to subsequently print in 3D of all the prosthesis components and during the estimated period of testing, the mechanism exhibits excellent results in adduction movements, abduction, extension and flexion. The conclusion is that the hip prosthesis printed in PLA responds to the relevant requirements and does not present any restrictions on the main movements in the human body. The study of bioprinting in prostheses is a recommended topic because this technology is revolutionising Medicine by leaps and bounds and can be useful in subsequent research.