Diseño de un biodigestor anaeróbico para la obtención de metano a partir de residuos lignocelulósicos de la industria maderera y aserrerías.

Abstract

In this Project, an anaerobic biodigester was designed to obtain methane from lignocellulosic waste from the Muebles Mario sawmill located in the Huambaló parish, which currently has no use for the sector, therefore is considered a problem for the environment. For this purpose, the production of the wood sawdust waste was quantified, then a delignification process was defined by experimental tests through the use of caustic soda necessary for its subsequent use, subsequent, the calculation of the variables for the sizing of main components was made, including those previous calculations required by default for the application of the biodigester design software BioDigestor-pro 3.0. Several runs of the software were carried out using as a basis the sawdust residue mixed with guinea pig manure, cattle, and water respectively; the type of biodigester, its geometry was chosen, in addition to the accessories and materials for its construction. The results obtained were compared to evaluate the efficiency of the use of different types of biomass, it should be mentioned that the quantities of wood and water sawdust were fixed, it was shown that the percentage of methane (between 50% and 70%) and dioxide carbon (about 30%) obtained were very similar despite being of different types of biomass, in both cases, they meet the bibliographically established parameters for efficient biogas production. It is concluded that the use of BioDigester-pro 3.0 software, saves time and provides the complete design of the biodigester by facilitating its plans for its subsequent construction; also calculated the internal rate of return, which determined the economic feasibility of the project, it was possible to adapt to the national socio-economic reality, for the benefits mentioned above its use is recommended in medium and large-scale projects for the production of methane or fertilizer, due to its versatility it allows calculations with more than 20 types of biomass or mixtures of the same.