Elaboración de bloques nutricionales mediante el uso de harina de semilla de Cucurbita maxima, Carica papaya, Citrullus lanatus y Cucumis melo como antiparasitarios naturales y su efecto en la producción en cuyes

Abstract

When making nutritional blocks through the use of Cucurbita maxima, Carica papaya, Citrullus lanatus and Cucumis melo seed, as natural antiparasitic and their effect on the production of guinea pigs at the Livestock Sciences Faculty, Zootechnics Career, for which we used 78 weaned male guinea pigs, of the improved 15-day-old line, and an average weight of 0,38 kilograms, with four treatments (papaya, pumpkin, melon and watermelon seeds) for comparing with a control treatment, it was applied a completely random design (DCA) with 9 repetitions and the experimental unit size (TUE) of 2 animals. Experimental results showed that when evaluating the different production parameters (fine weight, weight gain, green fodder consumption, block consumption, total feed consumption, gutter weight and gutter yield), during the growth stage and fattening of guinea pigs, no statistical differences were found between the treatments studied (P > 0,05), on the other hand the food conversion parameter showed significant differences (P ≤ 0,01); It has been shown that the use of these seeds does not affect the normal growth and development of guinea pigs. In contrast, when assessing the gastrointestinal parasite load in guinea pigs, they reported no statistical differences (P > 0,05), both the initial parasitic load, and the anthelmintic efficiency at 75 days of evaluation; while the anthelmintic efficiency at 25 days of experimentation, treatment with pumpkin seeds 59,26% and papaya 57,69% were statistically differentiated, showing the best results. We conclude that the treatments when using the seeds of watermelon and melon flour increased their anthelmintic efficiency over time, so its effect continues beyond 75 days. Recommending the use of watermelon and melon seeds in subsequent investigations, in the elaboration of nutritional blocks, until 100 days in the feeding of guinea pigs, to determine the maximum antiparasitic efficiency of these seeds.