Curtición de pieles bovinas utilizando una combinación de curtientes vegetales más alumbre en cuero para calzado.

Abstract

The present investigation consisted of the evaluation of the technical and economic feasibility in the production of bovine leathers with the application of a combined tanning system at different levels (T1, 5% Quebracho, 5% tare, 5% mimosa, 0% alum; T2, 5% Quebracho, 5% tare, 5% mimosa, 1% alum; T3, 5% Quebracho, 5% tara, 5% mimosa, 2% alum, T4 5% Quebracho, 5% tare, 5% mimosa, 3% alum), for which, it was necessary to tan the bovine leathers based on to the established treatments (using five experimental units for each of the treatments). Subsequently, to verify that there were significant differences concerning the means of each treatment for the case of the elongation and astrometry percentage assessment, it was essential to determine the principal quality parameters, physical and sensory. As a result, it presented the best results in the treatments with an aluminium level different from zero, in the sensorial variables (fullness, looseness, cut and seam), showing the best results in the leathers treated with the lowest level of aluminium. For the tensile strength, it did not present significant differences, and the same results were for the case of the analysis of the resistance at shrinkage temperature. The same results were for each of the samples within the different treatments at each temperature. Finally, the verification showed that the application of a mixed tanning agent results in a more profitable process than the one in which chromium the use of salt is essential since vegetable tanning agents are accessible.