Implementación de un módulo de neumática proporcional en el laboratorio de control y manipulación automática de la Facultad de Mecánica

Abstract

The objective of this work was to implement a Proportional Pneumatic module with an integral proportional controller, using LabVIEW software, for a pressure plant in which the main elements are: a proportional valve, a pressure transducer and a pneumatic muscle. The work development includes the design and construction of the module, the analysis and design of the control system, the development of the system and finally the system response tests. The module was designed and built by selecting the components based on their technical characteristics. The structure was assembled and each of the devices was connected to the NI USB 6009 data acquisition card. A non-parametric modeling of the plant was performed to obtain the mathematical model using the System Identification tool by Matlab; as a result, a first-order plant with an estimated percentage of 91.27% was obtained. The controller was designed using the Tunner PID tool by Matlab, where a proportional constant approximately equal to one and the integral constant approximately equal to two was obtained, with a calculated over-impulse of 23.4% and an establishment time of 9.34 seconds. The system was implemented using the PID algorithm block provided by LabVIEW software, in addition the interface that shows the process graph containing the main system signals was developed: the set point established by the user, the process variable and the value that the controller takes. The analysis of the response of the system was obtained, evidencing an approximate over-impulse of 18%, with an establishment time of approximately 14 seconds; this means, an over-impulse less than 5% to the calculated one, although a greater establishment time in 4 seconds. It is recommended to implement a controller by fuzzy logic instead of the PI controller, to contrast the results obtained in this work.