Evaluación del uso racional de antibióticos en el área de cirugía del Hospital General Docente Ambato

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in the surgery area at General Docente Ambato Hospital during the period July - December 2019. A descriptive and retrospective research was carried out; whose population corresponded to the review of 695 medical records of patients who were admitted to the surgery service. The sample is attributed to 338 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that the ages between 21 and 25 years had more surgical practice with 28.3%. However, in the treatment of these patients, the use of therapeutic guidelines is usually omitted. In the analysis of antibiotic use, a higher prescription was observed for Penicillin’s + beta-lactams with 57.1% and a lower prescription for Quinolones with 6.9%. The rational use analysis revealed 83.3%, this is due to the fact that the prescriptions made by doctors are justified in light of the pathology. Antibiotic-related problems Drug-Related Problems (DRP) established that 56.8% corresponds to DRP of inappropriate dose, schedule and / or duration. This situation refers to cases that do not comply with the dose given by the treating physician, and 9.1% belong to possible adverse effects that the given antibiotic may cause. In conclusion, therapeutic guidelines favor pharmacotherapeutic decisions, influenced by regulations which must be used when administering an antibiotic. Based on this, socialization was carried out about the proper use of antibiotics at General Docente Ambato Hospital, sensitizing health professionals about the proper administration of antibiotics in digestive surgery patients. In addition, it is recommended that the medical home must carry out an internal therapeutic protocol detailing all the procedures in order to guarantee the health of the patient.