Formulación y caracterización de una biopelícula a partir de almidón de papa ¨Santa Isabel¨ (Solanum tuberosum) para el uso de alimentos

Abstract

This work was focused on the formulation and characterization of a biofilm from potato starch ¨Santa Isabel¨ (Solanum tuberosum), for use in food as casings. First, the starch was obtained by the wet method. It was carried out a factorial design in which two defects were evaluated, which are: revolutions per minute (RPM) and time (seconds) in 16 runs with four treatments; blending 200 grams of potato in 200 mL of distilled water; with a total yield of the four treatments: A, B, C, and D of 16.38%. Subsequently, a series of physicochemical and microbiological starch tests were carried out. By having the raw material, 15 pilot treatments of the biofilm were obtained. From this pilot treatment, the four types of bioplastic appear, where its formulation ranges between 30 mL of distilled water, 3 grams of potato starch ¨Santa Isabel¨; 2.5 mL of acetic acid and 2 mL of glycerin. Subsequently, physical and mechanical tests were carried out where an average thickness of 0.2 mm was obtained; humidity in treatment A of 15.788%, treatment B of 14.561%, treatment C of 12.619% and treatment D of 11.149%; average solubility 25.280%. A 53.54% elongation was obtained in treatment A, 65.61% treatment B, 55.66% treatment C and 40.64% treatment D. The degradability in water was 72.345%, degradation air of 12.276%, degradation in composting of 28.08%; Therefore, each of these physicalmechanical tests are within the NTE INEN 2643 Standard, being the biofilm made from potato starch ¨Santa Isabel¨ suitable for use in food.