Estudio ergonómico y su incidencia en los trastornos musculoesqueléticos del personal operativo del área de poscosecha de la Empresa Florícola Valentina Flowers

Abstract

The objective was to obtain the risk levels of ergonomic factors associated with the workload to which the operative personnel of the post-harvest area of the flower company "Valentina Flowers" is exposed. It begins with the recognition of the workstations arranged in the establishment, the activities carried out in each one and the subsequent identification of the risk factors, defining the sections of reception, leaf removal, sorting, classification, boning, cutting, sucking, packing and storage as workstations and the ergonomic risk factors due to forced postures, repetitive movements, and manual handling of loads as the fundamental elements for the development of this research. For the selection of the methodologies and procedures to be applied, the activities carried out by the workers to perform their tasks were analyzed, and the RULA, REBA and OWAS methodologies for the evaluation of forced postures, the OCRA Check List Method for repetitive movements and the GINSHT Methodology for the evaluation of manual handling of loads were determined as the most appropriate. The analysis of musculoskeletal disorders in the post-harvest area was carried out using the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire, and it was determined that the workers have had pain, discomfort or discomfort in their bones or joints during the last year, mainly in the upper limbs, with the neck, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand being the body segments most affected. Finally, control measures are established for the ergonomic risk factors identified, seeking to reduce the risk levels obtained and prevent the appearance of musculoskeletal disorders in the personnel working in the area.