Tinturado de la fibra de alpaca utilizando diferentes partes de la planta del nogal (corteza, hojas y fruto).

Abstract

The objective of this research was to dye alpaca fiber (Vicugna pacos) with different parts of the walnut tree (Junglans neotropica), which was carried out in the laboratory of agro-industrial fibers of the Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo. The experimental units were 3 treatments T1= Dyed based on walnut bark + alum stone, T2= Dyed based on walnut leaves + alum stone, T3= Dyed based on walnut fruit + alum stone, with 5 replicates for each sample, was made up of 50 grams balls, giving a total of 750 grams of alpaca fiber and a completely randomized design was used. The variables evaluated were refractive index by BRIX degrees, pH (potentiometer method), tensile strength by Newton per square centimeter (N/cm2), elongation percentage, light fastness (gray scale). The results obtained report the highest values in refraction with 3.00 degrees BRIX, a pH of 4.40, tensile strength 20036.32 N/cm2, elongation percentage 33.08% and light fastness with no discoloration. The highest economic response was seen when dyeing alpaca fiber with walnut leaves. The benefit-cost ratio was 1.73 US dollars, indicating a profit margin of 73%. Finally, it was established that walnut has dyeing properties, with 3 different shades. It is recommended to dye alpaca fiber using vegetable extracts of walnut as a solution to reduce environmental pollution.