Evaluación de los parámetros productivos y reproductivos del hato lechero Brown swiss de la hacienda Aguas Verdes-Pichincha, durante el periodo 2018-2020.

Abstract

In this research, the productive and reproductive efficiency of the dairy herd at the Hacienda “Aguas Verdes” was evaluated to determine the genetic indicators that influence the productivity of the herd. With this purpose, it was carried out the data collection of the records of the period 2018-2020 which belonged to 46 cows divided into two groups called: Genetic Group A (pure Brown Swiss) and Genetic Group B (Brown Swiss mestizo), females that present between one and seven calvings, with an average of (302,41111,7; 277,6112,0) days of lactation, (15,242,1; 15,162,3) Kg / cow / day and (4082,7752,3; 4014,7655,6) Kg / cow / lactation, for groups A and B respectively while for the reproductive indicators means of (23,73,5; 21,63,6) are shown months to first service, (34,64,6; 32,03,9) months to first delivery, (285,34,5; 284,25,4) days of gestation, (85,736,6; 75,731,4) days to first postpartum service, (138,597,5; 131,696,0) open days, (416,266,7; 393,070,0) days interval between parturitions for groups A and B respectively. The percentage of pregnancy in heifers at the first service was calculated as (58.3; 42.9; 100) %; (1.8; 1.9; 2.5) services per conception; (91.7; 88.4; 78.3) % fertility, for the different years under study, which resulted in negative reproductive efficiency, showing that there are reproductive problems possibly affected by the productivity of the cattle in the herd. On the other hand, it was established that 54.35% of the population presents an acceptable value in the most probable ability to produce (MPHP), and according to the ranking carried out, 45.65% have a low genetic value, therefore an improvement plan based on the calculation of the genetic values, linear classification and reproductive indices of the females of the dairy herd is needed by applying the artificial insemination technique with a bull for each high, medium and low genetic value.