Identificación del contenido de almidón en dos variedades de papas: iniap-cecilia (Solanum tuberosum l.) y superchola (Solanum tuberosum) para elaboración de bioplástico

Abstract

This research work aims to identify the starch content in two varieties of potatoes, INIAP-Cecilia (Solanum Tuberosum L.) and Superchola (Solanum Tuberosum) for the production of bioplastic. As a first step, the starch was extracted by the wet method, the tubers used were waste potatoes, which means that they did not meet the requirements for sale. The yield of the starch obtained from the INIAP-Cecilia variety was 64.92% and 73.06% for the Superchola. Once the starch was obtained, the tests were carried out to verify the amount of amylose and amylopectin. Then a 2K factorial analysis was performed with the lower and upper limits defined by similar works; and different elements were used that fulfill the function of plasticizers, additives, destructuring agents, couplings, and transparency. Different types of test tubes were obtained which were called [1], [a], [b] and [ab] for those from the INIAP-Cecilia variety and [1 '], [a'], [b '], [ab'] for the Superchola’s one. Subsequently, physical and chemical tests were accomplished, where the specimens were subjected to sensory analysis, and defined organoleptic parameters were met. Then an analysis of solubility and permeability to water vapor was performed in compliance with ASTM E96. The tensile test of A single direction complied with the INEN 2635: 2012 regulation. The test tubes showed similarities with low-density polyethylene. Finally, concerning biodegradability, the samples lost approximately 75% of their weight in 15 days, thus complying with the ASTM D6400 regulation.