Determinación de la dispersión de contaminantes en las ladrilleras de Chambo

Abstract

The current research determined the pollutant dispersion emitted by open-air kilns located in San Juan neighborhood, Chambo county, seventy brick kilns have been identified within the urban area of the county and fourteen within this specific neighborhood, convenience sampling was used and three brickyards were identified within the study area; so, it was necessary to carry out their respective monitoring which lasted four days and consisted on the manufacture of the brick and its firing in the Kilns located in San Juan neighborhood. In the monitoring carried out, the concentration of the gases emitted, the height of the chimneys, the speed of the wind, the temperature of the Kilns as well as the meteorological conditions were determined; The sampling process was permanent during five hours according the standard; The Screen View program was used to model the atmospheric dispersion of pollutants, as well as the Arqguis program to create the atmospheric dispersion map. To validate the field monitoring data with the data from the computer program, it was necessary to use the Pearson index which confirmed the positive correlation existing between brick firing and weather conditions. It was concluded that the CO emission levels were 251.78 ppm and NO 96.83 ppm, this values are out of the permissible limits; In contrast to the pollutant dispersion modeling, three high, medium and low pollution ranges or levels were obtained; this is contrasted with the Pearson index, so it is important to take corrective measures in order to reduce the levels of these brickyards. It is recommended to implement an improvement plan to reduce the pollution generated by the kilns, since these brickyards are informal, have limited manufacturing phases, kilns that are deficient in their capacity and structure; and usage of rudimentary equipment.