Estudio del efecto a desgaste en los materiales usados para engranajes en un motorreductor por medio de inspección visual

Abstract

The objective of this technical project was to study the effect on wear of the materials used in the gears of a geared motor through visual inspection to find the combination of crown and worm with the best performance against the phenomenon. The selection of the materials was carried out referring to the traditional and graphic method with which it was possible to define the materials, later the hardness and microstructure of the commercially distributed material were evaluated prior to the construction of the elements. Once the evaluation stage of the base material was completed, the construction process continued where data collection and design parameters were developed under which the important geometric relationships of the elements would be determined, culminating in obtaining detail plans, process sheets and the construction of the gears as such. In addition, external evaluations were carried out to verify an increase in surface hardness after the application of heat treatments. The elements were finally assembled on the test bench to be subjected to extreme loads with which accelerated superficial damage is achieved, visual inspection methods were applied where the characterization of the phenomenon of wear of the elements was sought, recognizing the failure mode and applying the linear, gravimetric and volumetric methods. The work ended in the extraction of specimens for the analysis of the depth of the heat treatment. It is concluded that, among the thermally treated steels for the purpose of obtaining results, the ones with the best behavior would be those contributed superficially with a carbonitriding process. It is recommended to develop contributions and analysis of elements with materials other than steel or combined elements, work with the selection of lubricants and make durability projections of the elements.