Curtición de pieles ovinas con diferentes niveles de Caesalpinia spinosa (tara) en combinación con sulfato de aluminio para calzado de dama.

Abstract

The present study aimed to apply different levels of Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) in combination with aluminum sulfate in the tanning of sheepskins for women's shoes, 30 sheep skins distributed in 3 treatments (Tl, 10% tare, 4% aluminum sulfate; T2, 12% tare, 4% aluminum sulfate; 14% tare, 4% aluminum sulfate), for which, sheep leathers were obtained based on the established treatments (using 10 experimental units for each of the treatments), modeled under a Completely Random Design. The experimental measures that were used were divided into two: Physical resistance (tensile strength, elongation, abrasion on dry rubbing) and sensory analysis (fullness, softness, curvature) for the evaluation of the quality of the leathers. According to the physical tests carried out in the Skin Tanning Laboratory of the Animal Sciences Faculty of the ESPOCH, the following results were obtained: The highest tensile strength (2913,94 N/cm2), elongation percentage (61,75 %) and dry rub resistance (195 cycles) were obtained when tanning with T2. From the sensory tests, obtaining the best score of fullness (4,50 points) and curvature of the leather (4,50 points), when tanning with the T3, while the best softness (4,70 points), when tanning with the T1. In conclusion, it was determined that the T2 allows to obtain suitable leathers for the manufacture of women’s footwear. Vegetable tanning is recommended to maintain a less polluted environment and ensure better health for those who transform skins into leathers.