Evaluación fenológica y nutricional de brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha) utilizando diferentes niveles de fertilizante químico (Urea) en el cantón Sucúa.

Abstract

The aim of this research work was to evaluate the phenological and nutritional characteristics of Brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha) using different levels of nitrogen fertilizer. It was carried out in the Nazareno neighborhood in Sucúa under an experimental study using a completely randomized block design. 20 plots were divided with an area of 20 m2, each experimental unit consisted of 5 replicates with an area of 100 m2 for each of the treatments. The levels of chemical fertilizer applied were 200, 400 and 600 kg/N/ha versus a control treatment. The results determined that the phenological characteristics of Brachiaria grass (Brachiaria brizantha) with the application of different levels of urea reached the highest results in height (144.64 cm), leaf length (62.43 cm), aerial coverage (94.80 %), forage production (41750, 00 kg/ha) and leaves per tillering (6.40) when using 600 kg/ha of urea. The same behavior was presented in the analysis of the bromatological characteristics since the highest values were established in the pastures treated with 600 kg/ha of urea, with a protein 20.32 %; 3.62 % ethereal extract; ash 9.59 % and fiber 36.72 % and finally, the highest profitability was determined when applying 600 kg/ha of urea fertilizer, with which a benefit/cost of 1. 53 USD, i.e. a profitability of 53%. It is concluded that the performance of the treatments using different levels of urea, better results were obtained with respect to the control treatment. It is recommended to use the chemical fertilizer (urea), in farms where Brachiaria brizantha is used, with the application of T3 (600 kg/ha), since higher forage yields were obtained and more importantly, it is more profitable because the highest cost benefit is achieved.