Factores que influyen en la producción de papa (Solanum Tuberosum), Ecuador 2020

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the influential factors in potato production in Ecuador using the information collected by INEC in the Continuous Agricultural Surface and Production Survey 2020 (ESPAC) and compare with agents presented by the International Potato Center (IPC). The study was of a non-experimental type with a relational exploratory scope, 13 variables were analyzed, 2 quantitative (Area planted, production) and 11 qualitative (seed used, affectation in production, soil preparation, use of: irrigation, fertilizers, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, organic pesticide, chemical pesticide, phytosanitary, planting month), exploratory data analysis (EDA), multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and factorial analysis of mixed data (FAMD) were done with the use of R-RStudio. The results showed: average production of 12Tm3/ha planted, 97% of the lands produced between (0.01-150) Tm3, strong correlation between production and planted area, dependence between seed used, use of: fertilizer, pesticides, phytosanitary, irrigation and planting month. According to the MLRA and FAMD concluded with greater significance that the factors that influence production are: planted area, use of: fertilizers, pesticides, phytosanitary products, type of seed, impact on production; Compared to the IPC statement “planting month” was a significant factor only when the land is not irrigated, that is, production in irrigated land does not depend on the planting month. The results obtained guaranteed their reliability and were conclusive as they were very similar to those of the studies performed by the IPC, on the other hand, the research provided knowledge about the problem studied that, based on the analysis done and the knowledge obtained, it was recommended that the producers/ advisors have a prior judgment based on data analysis for advice and preparation of improvement plans for potato production in Ecuador