Determinación de la dosis óptima de fertilización edáfica en el cultivo de la papa (solanum tuberosum l.) var. superchola en la estación experimental Tunshi

Abstract

The inadequate use of fertilizers in potato cultivation due to the lack of knowledge of farmers leads to low yields and poor profitability. Therefore, this investigation aimed to determine the optimum dose of soil fertilization to optimize not only economic, but also agricultural resources. A field trial was carried out with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 18 treatments and three replications, to evaluate agronomic performance, emergence percentage, number of stems per square meter, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and production based on yield per hectare. In addition, an economic analysis was also carried out. The results obtained in agronomic behavior for the percentage of emergence were 89.21 % and the number of stems per square meter was 7, so no significant differences were found, for the LAI differences were obtained in T10 (100N - 400 P2O5 - 60 K2O kg/ha) with a value of 2.24 with respect to T1 (0N - 180 P2O5 - 60 K2O kg/ha) with a value of 1.46; this being the lowest of all the treatments. For yield, the best results were obtained in T10 (100 N - 400 P2O5 - 60 K2O) and T9 (100 N - 300 P2O5 - 60 K2O) with a yield of 34.38 and 33.31 t/ha. In the profit/cost T5 (200N - 180 P2O5 - 60 K2O kg/ha), T10 (100N - 400 P2O5 - 60 K2O kg/ha) and T14 (100N - 180 P2O5 - 150 K2O kg/ha) are the best with a value of 0.33, 0.36 and 0.35 dollars profit respectively. It is concluded by determining an optimum agricultural dose of 150, 350 and 200 kg/ha N-P2O5-K2O respectively.