Caracterización de la arcilla para loza y uso refractario ubicado en la parroquia Sangay, cantón Palora, provincia de Morona Santiago

Abstract

Thanks to previous clay mineral prospecting research, it was identified a clay deposit, which presents interesting characteristics based on preliminary studies for the ceramic industry. Therefore, the objective was to characterize the physical properties of the clay located in Sangay civil parish, Palora canton, Morona Santiago province; by means of granulometry tests, Atterberg limits test and mineralogical tests (RX Fluorescence, SEM) to elaboration of earthenware and refractory use for a brick test. The methodology was based on applied research, as it aimed to apply the knowledge acquired about the raw material studied. It was based on observations and sampling of materials; the study was conducted through 3 stages including information gathering, exploration and field sampling to conclude with the evaluation of physical and mineralogical properties through laboratory tests. Within the tests were performed: Moisture tests, Density, Fine and Coarse Granulometry, Atterberg Limits, SEM analysis, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis, Masonry Absorption and Masonry Resistance. As a result, it was identified that the presence of well graded clayey sandy materials of low plasticity predominates, followed by well graded silty sandy soils of high plasticity. The samples were classified according to the present geological formations (Mera, Tena) by identifying that the clays of the Mera formation belong to the kaolin group (Anauxite), as well as the clay of the Tena formation belongs to the kaolin group and also minerals of the smectite group (Beidellite). In conclusion, the maps regarding the distribution of the 15 samples characteristics which were analyzed as well as the SUCS classification, plasticity index and clay characterization, it could be evidenced the difference between the two aforementioned formations. This information will be advantageous as a tool for future evaluations in the ceramic industry.