Aprovechamiento de los residuos de maíz generados en la estación experimental de tunshi de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo para la producción de bioensilaje

Abstract

The Experimental Station of Tunshi livestock area, belonging to the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, produces four hectares of corn crops (Zea mays), of which around 50 tons per hectare of crops are corn residues (calcha or stubble of corn). The objective of this study was to use corn residues in the production of silage with whey and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) inoculants. The experimental methodology involved four treatments of material to be ensiled, varying the percentages of corn stubble and the alfalfa forage mixture and maintaining the same amount of inoculant for each treatment. The treatments were TI with 100% corn stubble, T2 with 83,33% corn stubble and 16,67% alfalfa, T3 with 66,67% corn stubble and 33% alfalfa, and T4 with 50% corn stover and 50% alfalfa. Silage was carried out in bags for 85 days at room temperature, and samples were taken from three random silage bags. For each treatment, carry out bromatological analyzes in the laboratory. The results indicated that the treatment with the best bromatological characteristics was T3, with a pH of 3,98, dry matter content of 17,7%, ash of 2,56%, fat of 2,53%, fibres of 49, 74%, 10,16% protein and 35,01% edible carbohydrates. It was concluded that adding alfalfa to corn silage increases the percentage of proteins and improves the characteristics. Bromatological of the silage produced only with maize residues. Using dry forage matter instead of fresh was recommended to improve the dry matter content in the silage produced.