Caracterización de sistemas agroambientales e inidices de vegetacion a traves de datos metereologicos y el analisis de imágenes miltiespectrales obtenidas con drones UAV en plantaciones de cacao del Centro de Investigaciones INIAP

Abstract

The unusual weather behavior and its sudden fluctuation between sunny and rainy days has caused difficulties in plant canopies, especially in shrub vegetation destined for harvest. This has created challenges for farmers in trying to determine the health status of plants. Therefore, the objective of the present research was to characterize agro-environmental systems and vegetation indices through meteorological data and the analysis of multispectral images obtained with UAV drones in cocoa plantations. The methodology employed adopted a quantitative approach with a correlational level of study, using a longitudinal experimental research design. Variables such as temperature and humidity were considered during a defined period. The coverage studied belongs to INIAP and is part of the PATFA Research Project of ESPOCH-SEDE ORELLANA, which provided equipment for image capture using the multispectral camera MicaSence RedEdge-MX, adapted to the UAV's DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2 drone. The meteorological data were obtained from the weather station of the same project. By processing images and meteorological data, the correlation between the climatic variable and the change in coverage was established using Pearson's method. This revealed an indirect relationship between plant health and average temperature during the study period. In addition, a direct relationship was observed between relative humidity and the cover of diseased plants, with records ranging from maximum values of 100% to minimum values of 34.5%. In conclusion, the findings indicate that temperature in the province of Orellana does not have a direct influence on the state of health of the vegetation.