Rediseño del sistema de recolección de residuos sólidos domiciliarios en la parroquia Alshi (9 de Octubre), cantón Morona, Ecuador

Abstract

Alshi parish (9 de octubre) does not currently have an adequate solid waste collection system. The lack of coverage in some sectors is evident, resulting in the creation of micro dumps and unhealthy environments. These factors contribute to the proliferation of flies, which cause diseases and environmental damage, negatively affecting the quality of life of the community members. Therefore, the objective of this project was to redesign the household solid waste collection system in Alshi (9 de octubre) in Morona canton, province of Morona Santiago. The methodology for the solid waste characterization study followed the model used in Latin American and Caribbean countries, proposed by Dr. Kunitoshi Sakurai in 1982, which consisted of 8 days of field work, discarding the first day to obtain more accurate results. Likewise, the delimitation of the optimal route within the parish was carried out with ArcGIS 10.5, specifically using ArcMap and tools such as Network Datashape and Network Analyst. The methodology was used to determine the new route, which covers 5.05 km, avoiding unnecessary turns, with three less curves than the current route and offering greater collection coverage, thus satisfying the needs of the parish residents. In addition, per capita waste production was determined to be 0.29 kg/day per inhabitant. Regarding the composition of solid waste, it was found that 57% is organic and 40% is inorganic, distributed as follows: rigid plastic 11%, paper and cardboard 10%, toilet waste 8%, non-rigid plastic 7%, ferrous material 2%, glass 2%, and other materials constitute 3%.