Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante in vitro del liofilizado de la pulpa de jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus lam)

Abstract

The main objective of this research study was to focus on the massive oxidation of biomolecules in the human organism leads to the generation of damage and therefore to an excess of free radicals that give rise to degenerative diseases. Therefore, the research focus on the evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity of freeze-dried jackfruit pulp (Artocarpus heterophyllus lam). The pulp was freeze-dried in order to preserve its physicochemical properties, after which fresh and freeze-dried pulp were analyzed to corroborate whether its physicochemical properties were maintained, hydroalcoholic and alcoholic extractions were carried out to perform a phytochemical screening and to obtain an indication of the presence or absence of metabolites of interest, Then the folin ciocalteu method was applied to determine the total polyphenols of both fresh and freezedried pulp. The extracts with the highest concentration of polyphenols were evaluated for antioxidant activity by the DPPH method at the beginning and end of a period of conservation to verify if the antioxidant activity was maintained. The 25% hydroalcoholic extracts of fresh and freeze-dried pulp obtained the highest concentration of polyphenols 394.62 mg AGE/ 100g and 308.8 mg AGE/ 100g, respectively. The concentration of antioxidant activity in the freeze-dried pulp on the first day was 329.00 μmol ET/L, while in the fresh pulp it was 174.53 μmol ET/L. During storage, the freeze-dried pulp maintained greater antioxidant power than the fresh pulp, therefore, despite the loss of polyphenols in the freeze-dried pulp, this is attributed to the existence of other exogenous antioxidants that maintained and improved this activity in the freeze-dried pulp, thus demonstrating that the fruit pulp has antioxidant activity and can be considered to give added value to a product in the industry.