Evaluación del rendimiento de los formatos de modulación por desplazamiento de fase (PSK) y la técnica OFDM en un sistema de comunicación óptica

Abstract

The research project focuses on addressing the challenge of experimentation in the fiber optic field, with the purpose of using computational tools to explore different PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation scenarios, including QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), 8PSK (8-Phase Shift Keying) and 16PSK (16-Phase Shift Keying). Phase Shift Keying), 8PSK (8-Phase Shift Keying), and 16PSK (16-Phase Shift Keying), in addition to applying the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technique. The main objective is to determine which of these configurations is the most efficient in terms of transmission quality and communication system capacity. The study begins with an exhaustive review of the existing literature on PSK modulation and OFDM technique in the context of optical fiber, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Subsequently, computational models are developed in OptiSystem software and its tools, which simulate different transmission scenarios using these techniques, considering variables such as signal-to-noise ratio, interference, and bandwidth. Throughout the research, detailed experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of each configuration, analyzing key metrics such as error vector magnitude, modulation error rate, signal-to-noise ratio, and peak-to-average power ratio. These experiments are performed in controlled environments that simulate realistic transmission conditions in fiber optic networks. The results obtained reveal that the combination of the OFDM technique with 16PSK shows outstanding efficiency compared to QPSK and 8PSK. This configuration manages to optimize both the transmission rate and the system capacity, maintaining an adequate signal quality even under adverse noise and interference conditions.