Obtención de un concentrado de fosfato de potasio a partir de residuos óseos de animales de consumo

Abstract

This study focused on obtaining a potassium phosphate concentrate from beef and pork bone wastes, since this concentrate can have several industrial applications, such as food additive, corrosion inhibitor and essentially as a fertilizer. Potassium phosphate (K3PO4) can be synthesized by different methods; in this research the synthesis was carried out using the phosphates [〖PO〗_4 ] obtained from the solubilization of the different bone flours with dilute sulfuric acid and the different solutions of potassium salts (KOH and K₂CO₃), same solutions that when subjected to an elevated and constant temperature of 80 °C for 4 hours, allowed the components present to concentrate and separate by a crystallization process. To corroborate that the crystals obtained in the different treatments contained potassium phosphate, these were subjected to an FT-IT study and Raman spectroscopy, which showed that the wavelengths of the compound obtained are similar to the spectral characteristics of K3PO4, thus confirming the purity and composition of the product obtained. Finally, ANOVA statistical analysis was performed to determine which of the four treatments is the most optimal, concluding that the mixture of the pork supernatant with the potassium carbonate solution (K2CO3) was the most efficient, because it presents a higher production of crystals in terms of mass, in addition to showing a higher concentration of phosphate (7.425 g/L) and potassium (2.103 g/L).