Estudio de segmentos y ángulos en el plano mediante la metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) y el software Geogebra

Abstract

The study of segments and angles in the plane is fundamental in geometry, as it provides a solid foundation for the development of other mathematical areas. However, achieving a deep understanding of these concepts often presents challenges for students, particularly during their first semesters. Therefore, it is essential to implement teaching methods that foster critical thinking and effective problem-solving skills. This research aimed to develop a reference document for first-semester students in the Mathematics program at ESPOCH, using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology and GeoGebra software as primary tools. The research adopted a qualitative approach with a descriptive scope, relying on documentary analysis. This approach facilitated the collection and analysis of relevant information from various bibliographic sources, such as books, academic articles, and online resources, to enhance the understanding of theoretical concepts related to segments and angles in the plane. The resulting document proposes the integration of PBL into the teaching of segments and angles, structuring the learning process into phases that include concept clarification, problem formulation, investigation, analysis, and practical application using GeoGebra. Furthermore, a series of practical exercises is included, designed to apply these concepts and enable students to develop the cognitive and technical skills necessary to solve geometric problems. In conclusion, this reference document will serve as a complementary and alternative resource for learning segments and angles in the plane, facilitating the development of mathematical competencies through a practical, problem-oriented approach supported by the dynamic features of GeoGebra software.