Análisis multitemporal de la cobertura boscosa utilizando imágenes satelitales en la reserva geobotánica Pululahua provincia de Pichincha distrito metropolitano de Quito

Abstract

This study examines changes in forest cover in the Pululahua Geobotanical Reserve during the period 2004-2024 using remote sensing techniques. The study analyzed satellite images over five-year periods (2004-2009, 2009-2014, 2014-2019, and 2019-2024) using supervised classification and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) calculation. The results revealed a general trend of increasing forest cover, with 2024 showing the most significant extent (2507.61 ha according to the supervised classification and 3163.63 ha of dense vegetation according to the NDVI). A parallel decrease was observed in crop areas and bare areas. The analysis of transition matrices between periods revealed complex land cover change processes, identifying deforestation and reforestation phases, with a general trend towards forest recovery, particularly notable between 2019-2024. The findings underline the effectiveness of remote sensing for forest monitoring and the importance of a multitemporal approach to understanding the dynamics of change in forest cover. The study provides valuable information for forest management and land use planning in the reserve, highlighting the potential of remote sensing for monitoring and conserving forest ecosystems and the need for ongoing management and protection strategies.