Diseño y construcción de un prototipo para la reutilización botellas de plástico pet en la producción de fibra textil

Abstract

In Huamboya canton, there was inadequate management of plastic waste, estimated at 1.197 tons per day in the county seat and 0.623 tons in nearby communities, affecting the environment and contributing to environmental pollution. Therefore, this research aimed to design and build textile fiber manufacturing equipment based on PET plastic bottles to provide better reuse of these materials, as well as an optimization of energy consumption in this equipment. The methodology has been developed through eight stages: the first one was based on bibliographic information compilation, the second one was on the equipment selection and design, the third one on the equipment design development, the fourth stage has been established on the materials and components evaluation, the fifth one on the equipment construction and adaptation, the sixth one on the motors energy analysis, the seventh one on the economic analysis of the equipment energy consumption and the last stage was based on the textile fiber laboratory analysis. It was built with equipment capable of crushing 56 kg of plastic bottles in one month and melting 112 kg of plastic at a temperature of 150 °C. The energy analysis of this equipment was determined at 175.952 Kw in 56 working hours in a month, resulting in a 15.84 USD budget. In this project, the electric motor was upgraded to a MARATHON K56AC55F07 with a power output of 0.492 kW, ensuring an efficient process for shredding plastic bottles. The analysis of the textile fiber derived from recycled plastic bottles reflected 11.58 μm thickness, 21.37 cm length, 0.004 kN strength, and 5 cm elongation.