Aprovechamiento del biogás y biol en el proceso de floración de pitahaya (selenicereus undatus) en la parroquia Sangay del cantón Palora, provincia de Morona Santiago

Abstract

Ecuador, due to its location has a high potential for the development of non-conventional renewable energies. In Palora Canton there is a lack of access to electricity which would accelerate the flowering process in the cultivation of yellow pitahaya, also presenting dependence on herbicides and pesticides causing degradation and loss of soil organisms, so the objective was to take advantage of biogas and biol in the flowering process of "Selenicereus undatus" in Sangay Parish of Palora Canton, Province of Morona Santiago. The methodology implemented for the physicochemical composition of the soil was carried out in the laboratory, which was taken through random samples in a zigzag pattern for the nutritional requirement of the pitahaya, it was used through a bibliographic review, as well as the implementation of a biodigester for the production of biol and biogas for which a 2d and 3d modeling was carried out and then its construction to calculate the energy demand through the sizing of loads. The results indicated that the soil in the area is fertile overall, but it is deficient in certain nutrients such as potassium and micronutrients. Despite this, pitahaya can adapt well to the climatic and soil conditions of the region. The biodigester used in the research proved to be efficient, producing an average of 1.5 kg of manure per pig per day, which translates to approximately 31,546 dm³ of biogas per month. This biogas, in turn, can generate around 27.6 kWh of electricity per day, enough to light around 209 pitahaya plants for 11 hours daily, suggesting that the combination of biogas and biofertilizer offers a sustainable and efficient alternative.