Análisis del riesgo crediticio y su influencia en la liquidez de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito San Miguel de Sigchos, ubicada en el cantón Sigchos, provincia de Cotopaxi, periodo 2020-2023

Abstract

The Savings and Credit Cooperative "San Miguel De Sigchos" lacks an efficient mechanism to manage credit risk, which has compromised its financial stability. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the impact of credit risk on the liquidity of the Cooperative. For which a methodology was used that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, with a descriptive level of research, with a non-experimental research design since the variables and transversal were not manipulated because it was carried out in a certain period of time. Surveys aimed at the active members of the Cooperative and applied interviews were conducted with the General Manager and Head of Credits to obtain detailed information about their experiences and perceptions regarding the processes of credit, collection and credit risk management. In addition, a financial analysis of the credit portfolio was carried out, using techniques such as horizontal and vertical analysis, in order to evaluate the impact of the delinquency on the liquidity of the Cooperative. Through this methodology, it was possible to determine an increase in the delinquency rate of the last 3 years, especially in microcredits directly affecting the available funds (liquidity) of this financial institution. It is concluded that credit risk has significantly affected the liquidity of the "San Miguel de Sigchos" Savings and Credit Cooperative during the period 2020-2023. The increase in delinquency, aggravated by the economic crisis resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, has deteriorated cash flows. To address this situation, strategies and policies are proposed to reduce delinquency and improve liquidity control.