Evaluación de Tres Métodos de Saponificación de Grasas Destinadas a la Alimentación de Vacas Lecheras.

Abstract

In several laboratories at ESPOCH, if evaluated three methods of saponification (NaOH, KOH y Ca(OH)2) on two types of fat (SO and RAP), these were designed to feed dairy cows. It applied a Completely Design at Random with factorial arrangement 3 x 2 and 3 repetitions for treatment. The RAP before being saponifiedwere filtered for 24 hours and the SO was diluted to 121 ºC. The filtration of RAP allowed greater concentration of MS (24,76%), fat (69,51%) and fiber (10,66%) reducing protein (1,46%) and minerals (5,01%). The dilution of SO, allowed greater concentration of MS (99,07%), fat (96,81%), and protein (5,79%) it observed a decrease of minerals (0,061%). The profile Fatty Acids showed higher concentration of unsaturated in RAP (50.7%) and lower in SO (39,84%). The soaps made with Ca(OH)2 in SO and RAP , allowed greater concentration of MS (92,98%), (82,89%), minerals (17,67%; 12,13%) and fat (78,67%; 85,98%) with lower values compared to the other treatments in protein (1,81% y 1,87%) and fiber (1,20% and 0,0%). The total solubility (pepsin pancreatin analysis) of soaps RAP were lower (89,33%) compared to those made with SO (95,27%).The B/C was higher in soaps made with Ca(OH)2 in RAP (1,71). It concluded that the soaps of Ca(OH)2 were the most profitable, better consistency and better protected from ruminal degradation, so it is recommended further study of solubility (in vitro) and (in vivo) and then to prove the nutritional and reproductive effects on dairy cows.