Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento para la potabilización del agua en la comunidad de Toñampare del cantón Arajuno, provincia de Pastaza

Abstract

The design of a water treatment system for the treatment of drinking water in the community of Toñampare in the Arajuno canton, province of Pastaza, which will benefit the inhabitants of the sector and improve their quality of life, was carried out. For the development of the system, we first had to find a water source to which physical-chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out, giving parameters that are outside the Ecuadorian Technical Standard INEN 1108, such as: apparent color, turbidity, fecal coliforms, total coliforms and aerobic mesophiles. The system design was based on a 100 L/h/d for communities in the Eastern Region, with a total of 1,236 inhabitants projected for 20 years, the system's useful life, with a maximum hourly flow of 4.98 L/s. After analyzing the studies carried out and the laboratory analyses, the design of the system to make the stream water drinkable was developed, which consists of: Simple raw water collection by means of a dam and a pipe protected with mesh, followed by pre-chlorination with a Venturi tube; the water will reach a reservoir tank and sand trap, then it will pass through a 2-unit slow descending filter with a combined filter bed (gravel, sand and activated carbon) and, finally, it will undergo disinfection by means of a Venturi tube to be stored in a treated water tank. This system will reduce the Apparent Color, Turbidity, Coliforms, and Aerobic Methophiles. It is concluded that the treatment system designed to make the stream water potable will guarantee quality drinking water in accordance with the country's stipulated standard, benefiting the community's inhabitants and improving their quality of life. It is recommended to implement the treatment system to make the stream water drinkable and thus guarantee its consumption in the community of Toñampare, taking advantage of the water resources of the area.