Tamizaje Foquímico e Identificación de Alcaloides Phaedranassa schizantha Baker

Abstract

Phytochemical Screening and Alkaloid Determination of Phaedranassa schizantha Baker, a species of the Amaryllidaceae plant family, was carried out in the Laboratory of Natural Products of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo; to determine alkaloids with possible future applications in malaria and Alzheimer's disease. A sample of the plant Phaedranassa schizantha was collected in the city of Riobamba. Prior to the use of the plant, the sampling and preparation of the plant was carried out in a standardized way in order to guarantee the quality of the analysis. Subsequently, a phytochemical screening was carried out to identify the chemical species present in P. schizantha and the chemical species found were: alkaloids, reducing sugars, oils, fats, triterpenes, steroids and bitter principles. Next, the alkaloids present in the different parts of the plant were extracted and analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry, in order to determine the type of alkaloids present in each extract. As results of these analyses, the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugars, oils, fats, triterpenes and steroids was established. In addition, 25 alkaloids were identified and 5 possible new alkaloids were determined, being the majority alkaloid galanthin in the bulb, unlike the stem, leaves and flowers that have hemantamine as the majority alkaloid. It is concluded that the alkaloids identified have potential uses against malaria and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, further studies on P. schizantha are recommended for the development of pharmaceutical products against the aforementioned diseases.