Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de agua potable en las comunidades Pichán Central, Chocaví Chico y Chocaví Central de la parroquia San Isidro de Patulú.

Abstract

It was designed a treatment system for water potabilisation at the communities Pichan Central, Chocavi Chico and Chocavi Central from San Isidro de Patulu Parish, Guano canton, Chimborazo province, in order to get quality fresh water to improve life conditions of the inhabitants there. Four samples of water were taken in the pond along one month for the physicalchemical and microbiological characterization, the analysis were carried out at the laboratory of Technical analysis of the Faculty of Science at ESPOCH, having been found that the parameters were beyond of the maximum limits allowed by the Ecuadorian Technical Norm INEN 1108: 2011. The results are: color 198 units. (Pt- Co); blur 19,8 NTU; Iron 2,824 mg/l; total coliforms: 8 UFC/100 ml and fecal coliforms: 3 UFC/100 ml. According to this characterization, it was determinated that the need to design a treatment system which allow to reduce the rate of these parameters and so, to accomplish with the regulation of the norm; the design has 5 stages: a brief mixture of the rectangular bowl, flocculation by means of the use of polichlorine of aluminum, layer sedimentation, filtration and finally desinfection. After the application of the potabilisation system, the treated water was characterized, having as a result; color 8 units. (Pt-Co); blur 2 NTU; Iron 0,05 mg/l; total coliforms: 0 UFC/100 ml and fecal coliforms: 0 UFC/100 ml. So they respond to the limits set in the norm. In short, the parameters analyzed allowed to determine the components of the treatment plant so it has high efficiency in the potabilisation of water and for instance, safe for human consumption. It is recommended to implement the treatment system in order to guarantee quality fresh water which preserves health and help to human and economic development of the inhabitants through water supply.