Valoración de pruebas diagnósticas de desnutrición en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en el IESS Cuenca, 2011

Abstract

A diagnostic tests for malnutrition: Mini Nutritional Assessment, Body Mass Index, Fixed Arm muscle area, percentage of lean mass, calf circumference, albumin, and lymphocyte count with Subjective Global Assessment as the gold standard by calculating sensitivity - Specificity in adult patients admitted to the Hospital of the Social Security Institute in the city of Cuenca was done. It was conducted two surveys: Subjective Global Assessme nt, Mini Nutritional Assessment. Laboratory values were taken from diagnostic medical history of 138 hospitalized patients. Anthropometric measurements were taken directly after 48 hours of admission. Subjective Global Assessment diagnosed malnutrition ri sk in 52% of patients. Mini Nutritional Assessment was 48%. The Body Mass Index was 7.9% for malnutrition. Muscle Fixed Arm was 36%. The percentage of lean mass was 51% and the calf circumference was 7.2%. Hypo albumin was found in 31.8% of patients and lymphopenia in 32.4%. Neither test was more sensitive than the Gold Standard specific. Statistically significant relationship was identified between the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Fixed Arm muscle area. Percentage of lean mass, and calf circumfere nce with the gold standard was p <0.05. It was found a prevalence of diagnoses of chronic degenerative diseases with a homogeneous behavior in both genders. It is recommend the use of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests to take respective measures to intervene and prevent complications on the disease base.