Evaluación de una Red de Sensores Inalámbrica Basada en el Estándar IEEE 802.15.4 para Sistemas de Detección de Incendios Forestales.

Abstract

The research involved the evaluation of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for detection systems wildfires in forest of the province of Chimborazo. The investigation was conducted by the non-experimental method based on the measurement of the specific variables of network performance such as packet delivery rate, transfer rate, low energy consumption and coverage parameters describing a forest environment. By supporting software Simulator NS-2 and the Weissberger model, the above variables was evaluated and the results obtained were defined the best version of a Wireless Sensor Network, then the prototype network was implemented to measure environmental variables within a forest area, using a computer as a data manager in addition to the Arduino and Xbee platforms. As a result of evaluation versions, Xbee Series 2 Xbee Pro XBee Pro 2.4GHz and 900MHz of one (WSN), it was found that Xbee Pro 2.4GHz version has the best metric with a delivery rate of packets of 96.30%, transfer rate of 4.26 Kbps, power consumption and area acceptable to compare the other versions that were evaluated coverage. We conclude that Xbee Pro 2.4GHz version is most suitable for the implementation of a system for monitoring, prevention and detection of forest fires for pine and eucalyptus forests in the province of Chimborazo. It is recommended that this research be used by agencies responsible for environmental preservation, as the Ministry of Environment or the Fire Department.