Optimización de los procesos de perforación y voladura en el túnel Fase A-B de interconexión del proyecto Sopladora

Abstract

This research proposes: to optimize drilling and blasting processes that are being used in the phase A-B field in the Hydroelectric Project Sopladora, Amaluza parish, canton Sevilla de Oro, Azuay Province, to prevent secondary blasts occur. The conditions of the rock mass will be studied, to thereby maximize the use of explosives, using the method Rune Gustafsson for calculating the new drilling optimized mesh and Bieniawski method for geological survey of the tunnel. The starting point is the literature and conducted project reports, then the respective field work was carried out by taking bearings and directions of discontinuities in cabinet and then make the description of the rock mass, geological maps, calculations for the design drilling optimized mesh; the calculation of contribution required quantity of explosive for blasting, using as bedload Explogel Ammon and suggesting that they use as load ANFO column to reduce costs. The application of the drilling mesh proposed in this paper, means for hydroelectric Sopladora savings explosives 66% for each blasting, due to the optimization of drilling and blasting, drilling with Jumbo reduces in 50% drilling time. We conclude that using Jumbo drilling reduces drilling time and making proper haulage borehole blasting process is improved, it is recommended that the loading of the borehole record load line, column loading and tamping.