Obtención de cuero para guantería fina con la utilización de diferentes niveles de aldehídos

Abstract

Leather production for high-quality glove-making using different levels of formaldehyde, this research was developed in the Skin Tanning Laboratory in the Livestock Sciences Faculty, in the Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, three processes formed different formaldehyde levels were applied, with five repetitions and two consecutive trials, modeled under a completely Randomized Design, with combinatorial arrangement. The results infer that the most appropriate level of formaldehyde was 3% (T3); since tension resistance was 3522.98 N/cm2; and elongation percent 54.40%; the greatest deformation (3.7 mm); was reached in the processed leather T1 (2%). The best softness (4.40 points), finesse (4.70 points), and fineness of grain (4.70 points) was obtained using 3% of formaldehyde (T3); that is, leather with an ideal hang and surface to make high-quality gloves. Analyzing the processes replicas in the physical and sensory resistance it was determined that since there is not statistical differences among trials, the material produced (leather), recorded a standardized quality. The economic evaluation found higher returns by applying 3% formaldehyde, as the cost benefit relation was 1.29; which means a 29% profit. Therefore it is recommended to use 3% formaldehyde described to form tanned goatskin; since, physical resistance is improved beyond the leather quality requirements for high-quality gloves.