Caracterización de la cadena productiva de la leche en las parroquias Guanujo y Salinas, de la provincia de Bolívar

Abstract

A milk production chain was characterized in Guanujo and Salinas parishes in Bolivar province aimed to know the current milk production situation. 391 surveys in Guanujo and 373 in Salinas with a total of 764 livestock respondents were carried out. The study parameters were: productive, reproductive, industry and marketing of milk products and their derivatives. Upon concluding the research phase, it was known that 86,6% of soils are intended to livestock, while 10,51% for cultivation performing a grass crop rotation to reduce soil erosion; in the production systems, the extensive system is handled in 95,00%; the reproductive system handled by the majority of the livestock owners is coupling which represents 81,19%. In addition, there is proper birth spacing of 16 months approximately, increasing production costs. The average milk production is 5,85 litres/milk/day below minimum values recommended. At the industry level, 1945 litres of milk are being processed daily in Guanujo, while 6370 litres of milk in Salinas. In respect of health record, only 55,00% of identified industries have this requirement which supports the quality of their products. The benefit/cost for milk was 1,18 dollars in Guanujo and 1,15 dollars in Salinas. We can see from this that in spite of the traditional way there is profitability with this productive activity.