Utilización de diatomas en la producción y calidad de vacas holstein mestizas

Abstract

In the farm of Agropecuary production Yuquipa of the Mission Salesiana Don Bosco ,Canton Morona, Morona Santiago province, different levels of diatoms were evaluated (1,5; 3,0 y 4,5%), and a treatment of control with 5 repetitions (T.U.E about one cow), given a total of 20 Holstein crossbred cows, distributed under a completely randomized desing ,during 90 days. The result were processed with the statistic program SSPS (2008), and Excel (2010), for the analysis of variance (ADEVA), and the Duncan test to the separation of means at significance level of P ≤0,05 and P ≤0,01. Obtaining the best result with T2 (3,0% of diatoms),with records of final weight of 565,0 kg, weight gain 4,8 kg, milk production of 14,71 liters per day, feed conversion of 1,11; in addition, it was registered an DM intake of 16,34 kg/day; protein intake of 2074,37g/day. ME of 47,80 Mcal/day; calcium of 49,52 g/day; and phosphorus of 34,43 g/day, the analysis of the enhancement of the milk quality shows a 3,24% of fat; Ph of 6,63; a declive in the content of somatic cells (CCS), from 698 to 27 x 103/ml. The microbiological analysis in the feces, the contents of Eschericha coli was reduced from 46000 to 19000 UFC/g, and a null parasitic load; It has reached the best benefit/cost of 1,35 USD which means a profitability of 35%. To conclude it is recommended to include 3,0% of diatoms in the dairy supply of crossbred Holstein cows because it increases milk productivity parameters and improve the profitability of livestock